![]() ![]() The junction point between the three resistances is close to where leak occurs. Here voltage $V$ stands for total pressure drop $\Delta p$ that drives the flow current $I$ stands for total flow rate $Q$ resistance $R$ stand for flow resistances ground symbol stands for atmospheric pressure (or whatever the pressure is at pipe outlet), which we may take as zero. So now the flow in pipe may be represented by the following circuit diagram: When such a linear relationship does not hold, the argument runs on similar lines to what I outline here (I shall leave that to you, again). ![]() In this case, total pressure drop is proportional to flow rate, $\Delta p=RQ$, where $R$ is resistance to flow (read up Darcy-Weisbach equation in laminar flow friction factor is inversely proportional to flow speed). I will show you the argument for the case where pressure at some point upstream of the leak is constant. You must assume something to be constant in the pipe: either the flow rate or the pressure at some point upstream of the pipe (say where pump is located).
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